ASTM A213 T91 Tubes are high-performance chromium-molybdenum-vanadium alloy steel tubes designed for high temperature and high pressure service. Manufactured according to ASTM A213 / ASME SA213 standards, these tubes are primarily used in superheaters, reheaters, boilers, and heat exchangers in thermal power plants, petrochemical units, and refineries. T91 tubes provide superior creep strength, oxidation resistance, and thermal stability compared to conventional alloy steels, making them suitable for critical industrial applications..
The chemical composition of T91 includes approximately 9% chromium, 1% molybdenum, and small additions of vanadium and niobium, along with controlled amounts of carbon, manganese, and silicon. This alloy combination enhances the tube’s high-temperature strength, corrosion resistance, and toughness, allowing it to withstand steam pressures and temperatures above 600°C without deformation or failure..
Mechanically, ASTM A213 T91 tubes deliver high tensile and yield strength, along with adequate ductility and hardness. Typical properties include a minimum tensile strength of around 585–740 MPa, yield strength of 415–620 MPa, and elongation around 20–25%. These characteristics ensure long-term performance under cyclic thermal stress and heavy industrial loads..
Metal Tubular Products, as a global stockist and supplier, maintains an extensive inventory of ASTM A213 T91 tubes in seamless form across various diameters, wall thicknesses, and lengths. Common sizes range from small-diameter boiler tubes to large heat exchanger tubes, supplied in random, double-random, or custom cut lengths with plain or beveled ends, depending on client requirements. They provide international certifications and testing reports, including EN 10204 3.1 / 3.2 Mill Test Certificates, ensuring compliance with global quality standards..
| Standard | ASTM A213 / ASME SA213 |
|---|---|
| Grade | T91 |
| Material | Chromium-Molybdenum-Vanadium Alloy Steel |
| Product Forms | Seamless Tubes |
| Manufacturing Process | Hot Finished / Cold Drawn |
| Heat Treatment | Normalized & Tempered |
| End Finish | Plain End, Beveled End, Threaded |
| Application | Boilers, Superheaters, Reheaters, Heat Exchangers, Power Plants, Petrochemical Units |
Worldwide, ASTM A213 T91 tubes are supplied to power plants, chemical processing units, petrochemical refineries, offshore platforms, and high-pressure steam systems. Metal Tubular Products ensures timely delivery, customization, and technical support, making them a trusted partner for both domestic and international industrial projects. Their products undergo rigorous mechanical, chemical, and dimensional testing to guarantee reliability in critical service conditions..
Selecting the right T91 tube grade ensures long service life, safe operation, and reduced maintenance costs. Engineers and procurement teams should consider diameter, wall thickness, heat treatment, and certification requirements when specifying ASTM A213 T91 tubes. With reputable stockists like Metal Tubular Products, industries can access high-quality T91 tubes quickly, anywhere in the world..
| Element | Composition (%) |
|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | 0.08 – 0.12 |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.30 – 0.60 |
| Phosphorus (P) | Max 0.020 |
| Sulfur (S) | Max 0.010 |
| Silicon (Si) | 0.20 – 0.50 |
| Chromium (Cr) | 8.5 – 9.5 |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | 0.85 – 1.05 |
| Vanadium (V) | 0.18 – 0.25 |
| Niobium (Nb) | 0.06 – 0.12 |
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Minimum Yield Strength | 415 MPa (60,000 psi) |
| Tensile Strength | 585 – 740 MPa (85,000 – 107,000 psi) |
| Elongation | ≥ 20% |
| Hardness | ≤ 248 HB |
| Outside Diameter (OD) | Wall Thickness | Length |
|---|---|---|
| ½” OD to 5” OD | 0.035” to 0.500” / Custom | Standard, Random, Double Random, Custom Cut Length |
| Standard | Equivalent Grade |
|---|---|
| ASTM / ASME | ASME SA213 T91 |
| ASTM | A335 P91 |
| EN | EN 10216-2 X10CrMoVNb9-1 |
| DIN | DIN 17175 14MoV63 |
| JIS | JIS G3462 T91 |
ASTM A213 T91 Tubes are primarily used in high-temperature and high-pressure applications such as boilers, superheaters, reheaters, and heat exchangers. They are widely applied in power plants, petrochemical industries, refineries, and chemical processing units due to their excellent strength, creep resistance, and thermal stability.
The designation “T91” refers to a chromium-molybdenum-vanadium alloy steel grade with approximately 9% chromium, 1% molybdenum, and small amounts of vanadium and niobium. T91 provides superior high-temperature strength and oxidation resistance compared to conventional alloy steels.
Yes, ASTM A213 T91 Tubes are available in both PSL 1 and PSL 2. PSL 2 offers stricter chemical composition limits, mandatory impact testing, and enhanced quality control compared to PSL 1, ensuring reliable performance in critical applications.
ASTM A213 T91 Tubes are primarily manufactured in seamless (SMLS) form, and may also be available in ERW, LSAW, or SSAW depending on project requirements. This allows flexibility in diameter, wall thickness, and pressure ratings.
ASTM A213 T91 Tubes are stocked and supplied worldwide by Metal Tubular Products, offering a wide range of sizes, international certifications, and timely delivery for industrial, power generation, and petrochemical projects.
We export steel pipes and tubes to over 60 countries worldwide, serving clients across Asia, Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Oceania, and the Americas. Our strong global logistics network ensures reliable delivery, quality assurance, and compliance with international standards.
Export Destinations Include:
Afghanistan, Albania, Andorra, Angola, Austria, Australia, Bahrain, Bangladesh,
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United Kingdom, United Arab Emirates (UAE), Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam,
Yemen, and more.
